identity

Sex and gender

Judith Butler: Gender and Performativity 

Judith Butler argues that gender is a performative act shaped by cultural norms rather than a fixed identity. She contends that historical insights on gender and sexuality emphasize the social construction of these concepts, influencing modern discussions on identity and challenging traditional gender roles, ultimately leading to fluid expressions of gender and sexuality.

Culture and Identity

Postmodern theories of leisure, consumerism and identity

Postmodern theories underline leisure and consumer activities as key sources of identity in postmodern society, contrary to identity formed by work or social class in the modern era. In his book, “Decentring Leisure,” Chris Rojek argues that leisure, often blurred with work, isn’t defined separately but in relation to other experiences. Rojek and later theorists like Scraton and Bramham agree that leisure has transformed with the advent of postmodernity – shifting from a concept of escape to self-indulgence and expression, primarily driven by consumerism and personal lifestyle.

age

Ageism

Ageism is discrimination against older people on the basis of their age. It involves making narrow judgements about the elderly

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