W.E.B. Du Bois and the Colour Line: Racism, and Black Identity in America
W. E. B. Du Bois identifies the “color line” as the 20th century’s central issue, introducing “double-consciousness,” reflecting the inner conflict of African-American identity. He critiques the Freedmen’s Bureau and emphasizes the need for political activism against racism. His work significantly influenced civil rights movements and reshaped views on global racism.